Früher passierte es uns, Strophen von Gedichten, historische Fakten, theoretische Sätze, lateinische Wörter, etc., zu vergessen, Dinge, die man uns in der Schule lernen ließ, weil die früheren Generationen sie für wesentlich gehalten hatten – oder solche, die wir uns aus Lust, aus eigener Neigung angeeignet hatten, die aber nichtsdestoweniger aus unserem Geist zu entfliehen drohten, wenn wir uns nicht anstrengten, sie festzuhalten. Unser Gedächtnis der äußeren Kenntnisse schien verwundbar und von unserem Willen abhängig, unser persönliches Gedächtnis dagegen hatte etwas von einer Festung. Von Zeit zu Zeit wusste man nicht mehr, wer 1952 Ratspräsident oder 1970 Fußball-Weltmeister gewesen war, aber man konnte sich sagen, dass es zumindest ein Ding gab, das man niemals vergäße oder das man, es sei denn durch einen tragischen Unfall, niemals so vergessen würde wie alles Übrige, nämlich unser eigenes Leben.

Jetzt, da wir mit dem Internet über ein gigantisches mnemonisches Hilfsmittel verfügen, das fähig ist, fast...

Externalized memory had always proceeded by contractions, summaries, reductions, selections, breaks in flow, as well as by organization, classification, boiling down. Card catalogues reduced thousands of works to a few key notions; tables of contents contracted the hundreds of pages in a given book. The sign itself was the first abbreviation of experience. An epic stitched of words was an abbreviation of the war, the long years of which were reduced to a few nights of recitation; the written text that recorded the epic was a contraction of the oral narration which pushed aside its sensory richness, melody, life in a thousand details. In accumulating, every level of abbreviation reconstituted an infinite flow, a new dilation that would be contracted in its turn. From the plurality of pages to the index and the table of contents; from the plurality of books to card catalogues.

The abbreviated elements were further arranged, situated...

“So many egoists call themselves artists,” Rimbaud wrote to Paul Demeny on May 15, 1871. Even though that is not always obvious, ‘I’, the first person, is the most unknown person, a mystery that is constantly moving towards the other two, the second and third persons, a series of unfoldings and smatterings that eventually gelled as ‘Je est un autre’. That is why ‘apocryphal’ is a literarily irrelevant concept and ‘pseudo’ a symptom, the very proof that life, writing, is made up of echoes, which means that intrusions and thefts (Borges also discusses them) will always be the daily bread of those who write.

Words from others, words taken out of place and mutilated: here are the alms of time, that squanderer’s sole kindness. And so many others, mostly others who wrote, and many other pages, all of them apocryphal, all of them echoes, reflections. All this flows together into—two centuries...